Love makes people do crazy things, or at least things that might seem crazy at first. In 2007, Dan Cameron left his job of ten years as senior curator at the New Museum of Contemporary Art in New York to organize a biennial in New Orleans. Cameron fell in love with the city in 1987 when he first arrived for the New Orleans Jazz and Heritage Festival. After Hurricane Katrina hit, he began to conceive of a citywide exhibition, sensing a need to reestablish the city as a cultural jewel and reinvigorate its artistic life. This past Halloween weekend marked the opening of Cameron’s ambitious vision three years in the making, as art-world aficionados and the just plain curious, including myself, flocked to New Orleans for Prospect.1, an event billed as the largest exhibition of contemporary art ever held in America. The biennial takes place across the city in a number of institutions, halls and public space and features eighty-one artists from all over the globe, with nine from Louisiana.
Boarded up and demolished homes are still abundant in the Lower Ninth Ward, where devastation from Katrina was greatest, and it is in this neighborhood that some of the most affective works in the biennial can be found. Spray-painted X marks stain the sides of abandoned homes, with numbers below indicating if and how many bodies were found inside after the flooding. Many plots of land house little more than scraps of cement foundations, if anything at all. Mark Bradford’s gigantic Noah’s Ark sits on one such empty plot.

Nearby at the L9 Center for the Arts, photographs by Chandra McCormick and Keith Calhoun line the walls of two separate rooms. McCormick and Calhoun, who both grew up in the Lower Ninth, have photographed local African-American culture for decades. I cannot think of a better way to describe the spirit of the couples’ photographic style than as, according to The New York Times, New York University Professor Deborah Willis put it: “distinct because their lens [is] a loving one.” Their images emanate a palpable sense of cultural intimacy, adoration and inquisitiveness. McCormick told me that when Katrina hit she and her husband lost nearly seventy percent of their photographs and negatives. Those they could salvage, they put in freezers to stop the deterioration. In one room at L9 the couple displays images of local bands, people hanging out in bars, church ceremonies and inmates at the Louisiana State Penitentiary in Angola. In the adjacent room hang photographs damaged by Katrina, with mud stains and watermarks forming tragically beautiful abstract shapes that cover and distort the underlying images. Each damaged photograph becomes a record of two separate events, with the mess of Katrina seeming to wipe away a past, perhaps a whole culture, that might never be replenished. Yet several of the disfigured images are recognizable from their pristine counterparts in the other room, and this juxtaposition creates a sense of loss but also one of the possibilities for perseverance, rejuvenation and hope in the aftermath of disaster.
Another stunning set of photographs hangs at the Old U.S. Mint. Zwelethu Mthethwa’s Common Ground series documents the lives and homes of South Africa’s population of migrant workers alongside the devastation suffered by New Orleans at the hands of Katrina. Vibrantly colored images of neatly kept, sparse interiors and dilapidated exteriors of homes in South Africa are interspersed with images of water-damaged racks of clothing and destroyed homes in New Orleans. Mthethwa links the local with the global, reminding us that tragedy and suffering, like love, are shared experiences among all humans. In a nearby room Stephen Rhodes has created a disturbing installation consisting of videos of recognizable politicians popping red, white and blue balloons or whipping each other with chains in jerking, robotic movements.
Kirscha Kaechele, the creator and director of KK Projects, seized the opportunity of the hype and influx of people surrounding P.1’s opening weekend to stage her own biennial. KK’s parallel show consists of a series of site-specific installations at the organization’s six houses on N. Villere Street in the Saint Roch area, and at the Bywater brickyard. At The Bakery on N. Villere, Peter Nadin has sunk a number of terracotta relief sculptures and bits of detritus in a large pool of black honey. While inspecting Nadin’s sweet-smelling piece, another onlooker, who told me that she lives in New Orleans, remarked upon the irony and insensitivity of pouring three hundred pounds of honey into a box on the floor when people in the surrounding neighborhoods are poor and starving. Good point.
I arrived at the installations at the Bywater brickyard Saturday evening after dark, where upon driving up to the old molasses factory I caught a glimpse of a small house made of panels of glass that stood amongst hundreds of piles of bricks. A two-piece band played slow, eerie music infused with a bit of Jazz on a circular platform next to the factory, and I felt as if I had unknowingly entered into a David Lynch film. Inside the factory, several astonishing embellished mattresses by the British artist Louise Riley hung from the ceiling in various contortions. In the next room was an inundating environment by Homemade Parachutes, a New Orleans collective, which resembled a twisted version of a childhood’s fantasy playground. Onto Sweet Loraine’s Jazz Club, where video and performance artist Kalup Linzy sang cabaret backed by a New Orleans pickup band. Wearing a sparkling silver unitard, Linzy belted out his own “Asshole” and classic tunes such as James Brown’s “Please Please Please,” ending with a wonderful rendition of “Proud Mary.”

A tradition that goes back more that one hundred twenty years, Mardi Gras Indian costumes pay homage to Native Americans. Wearing an Indian suit is a form of embodiment that often facilitates entering “into the spirit,” and traditional Mardi Gras Indian performances are reminiscent of spiritual, shamanic and voodoo traditions. Lining the walls of the entrance hall in which the Mandingo Warriors performed were black and white paintings by New Orleans–based Willie Birch depicting melancholic scenes of daily life in NOLA, hectic street celebrations and Mardi Gras Indian performances; a slice of the varying facets of New Orleans life that connected beautifully with the ensuing performance. It became clear that we were witnessing something intimate and sacred to the local culture, something truly heartfelt. The mood was one of an incredible sense of community, energy and joy, no doubt heightened by the impending presidential elections. When Harris shouted “A change is gonna come,” the crowd erupted into applause and cheers.
Throughout my weekend in New Orleans, I heard several people say that P.1 lacks an overall cohesiveness. I say, so what? There is a link in the energy and compassion that imbues many of the works inspired by New Orleans culture or Hurricane Katrina, and those that are not New Orleans-oriented add another dynamic to the mix. A greater attempt on the part of Cameron and the P.1 team to implement an overarching theme would feel forced and restrictive. Biennials, especially one of this scale, should be a blend of contemporary art and cultures without a visible effort to make the varying parts homogeneous. Perhaps the frustration with the supposed disjointedness is fueled by how sprawling the biennial is. P.1 sites are found in neighborhoods all across the city, and visitors have to either rent a car or hop on a shuttle bus to see the many works and spaces. I think this makes the biennial more fun, adding a feeling akin to the excitement of a treasure hunt, and it allows people who don’t know the city to get a sense of the individual areas and the cultural diversity. It is certainly a change from other biennials, where works and events are often isolated to specific districts or institutions, creating a vivid break between the exhibition(s) and the surrounding city. Such a dichotomy puts biennials at risk of seeming parasitic and imposing. Through the integration of the city in its entirety, Dan Cameron and the P.1 team manage to not only put art but also a city, full of tragedy, triumph and the love people feel for it, on display. At its best, this biennial will draw attention towards all that needs to be done to replenish New Orleans, but also towards the city's energy and vibrancy that have refused to cease to thrive.
Prospect.1 New Orleans opened to the public on Saturday, November 1st, 2008, and will run until January 18, 2009.
More Images:
Nari Ward, Diamond Gym, 2008, installation at the Battle Ground Baptist Church, Lower Ninth Ward
Willie Birch, title unknown, 2008, on view at New Orleans Museum of Art
Mike Bradford, Noah's Ark, 2008, installation on view in the Lower Ninth Ward
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